What bred the increasing crime rate of late-nineteenth-century america? how did the cities respond? what similarities and differences can be seen between this period and the late twentieth century?

As the population increased due to immigration and population expansion in the urban centers, this lead to increased poverty and crime. Cities responded by better organizing and increasing their law/police departments. As with any urban center, there is a constant need for developing its policing efforts. In many urban areas, we now see increased use of CCTV and other modern technologies that have developed in order to prevent and thwart criminal endeavors. Unlike the late 19th century, a significant amount of criminal enterprises these days relate to the expansion and protection of drugs. As well as, modern technologies that allow criminals to operate without any specific restraint to geographic location, cyber crimes.