Which of the following factors caused german and italian unification?
a. the revival of democratic revolutions, and nationalism
b. the congress of vienna which encouraged europe to look to the future
c. the religious wars that divided europe in the 1800s
d. the 5 of unified cooperation among states and city-states

The correct answer is A) the revival of democratic revolutions and nationalism.  

The factors that caused the unification of Italy and Germany were the revival of democratic revolutions and nationalism.  

Risorgimento was the name of the Italian movement that led to the unification of diverse territories in that region. The English meaning is “resurgence.” Pope Pius IX wanted to accept the unification only if he was going to be the leader. Giussepe Mazzini wanted to have the control but he could not. What resulted at the end was a Constitutional monarchy in the hands of Victor Emmanuel II. On the other hand, the German unification was led by a Prussian aristocrat named Otto Von Bismarck in 1861. The factors that caused the unification of Italy and Germany were the revival of democratic revolutions and nationalism.  

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