Pope gregory vii and the german emperor henry iv fought over the issue of
a. the church’s collection of tithes.
b. papal appointment of bishops.
c. secular appointment of bishops.
d. rule of the papal states.

the two colonies had the earliest laws mandating religious tolerance.

social contract theory, nearly as old as philosophy itself, is the view that persons' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live

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is slave