Which of the following best describes the term rus?
a. the establishment of government in western europe.
b. the technique used by many slavs to produce greater amounts of agricultural products.
c. the medieval russian state established by traders and warriors.
d. the first official government within russia.

The correct answer is C.

Rus was the medieval Russian state established in in 862 AD by Scandinavian traders and warriors led by Rurik. Later in 882 AD, Prince Oleg moved the state capital to Kiev.

The state was made up of a number of co-operating principalities . Spread across territory from the Baltic sea in the north to the Black sea in the south, it prospered because it controlled all the major Eastern European trade routes. 

Kievan Rus power and influence gradually went down during the 12th and 13th  centuries . Against a backdrop of  internal tensions and disputes, it was overrun by the Mongol invasion of Rus in the early 13th century.