what gave rise to the crusade against drunkenness? what successes and failures resulted from the movement's efforts?

The main thing that gave rise to the crusade against drunkenness was an anti-immigrant sentiment (since it was believed that mostly immigrants were getting drunk and behaving badly), and this eventually led to the official prohibition of the sale and consumption of alcohol. However the major failure of this movement was that people continued to consume alcohol illegally. 

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