This pope ruled 1073 to 1085, during which time he clashed with holy roman emperor henry iv over the supremacy of the catholic church.

How did nationalism motivate italy's unification? the italian people wanted to return to a pre-napoleon ancien régime. the italian people wanted a republic nation free from austrian rule. the italian people wanted to instigate industrialization in italy. the italian people wanted to lead europe into the modern age.

How did the commercial whaling industry affect whaling practices of the makah people?

What mountains did the first transcontinental railroad cross