The harsh conditions imposed by the treaty of versailles after world war i most directly laid the foundation for the
a) cold war.
b) rise of fascism in germany.
c) defeat of president wilson.
d) bolshevik revolution in russia.

genetics is the study of how dna works, the methodologies defining the new recent technologies allow scientist to have a panoramic view of the entire dna landscape, especially how genomes interact with their environment, including off course, factors outside their organisms.

thus is very possible the existence of both scenarios, where populations of isolated individuals have different genetic traits, and share traits related to genetic mutation, due rats can easily travel overseas using human transport channels. so scientists could get a vast number of data, including human interaction, evolution of rodents, health development, spread of infections, development of new organisms, how genomes evolve in different environments and so on.

b toward the volcano.landward. the landward side of something is the side nearest to the land or facing the land, rather than the sea.