Which of these powers is denied to state governments?

Under the Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, all powers not granted to the federal government are reserved for the states and the people. All state governments are modeled after the federal government and consist of three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.

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Explanation:

b toward the volcano.landward. the landward side of something is the side nearest to the land or facing the land, rather than the sea.