What are the constitutional limitations on punishing a crime?

The Eighth Amendment only deals with criminal punishment, furthermore has no application to civil processes.

Explanation:

The Eighth Amendment states: “Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.” This forbids the federal government from grand or harsh penalties on criminal respondents.

Hope this helps!

the first part of the statute of limitations is the standard deadline, which gives victims of medical malpractice a certain number of years -- usually anywhere from two to six years, depending on the state -- after the malpractice occurred within which to file a lawsuit.