3. (6 points) determine whether the relation r on the set a is an equivalence relation a. (3 pts) a = {1,2,3,4, 5) r={(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (2,2), (2,3), (3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5) opc b. (3 pts) a = {a, b, c r={(a, a), (a, c), (b, b), (c, a), (c, c)}

a is not an equivalence relation.

b is an equivalence relation.

Step-by-step explanation:

a.

A = {1,2,3,4, 5) R={(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (2,2), (2,3), (3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5)

To see if is an equivalence relation you need to see if you have these 3 things:

Part 1: xRx for all x in A. This is the reflexive property.

Do we? Yes we have all these points in R: (1,1), (2,2) ,(3,3) ,(4,4), and (5,5).

Part 2: If xRy then yRx. This is the symmetic property.

Do we? We have (1,2) but not (2,1). So it isn't symmetric.

Part 3: If xRy and yRz then xRz.

Do we? We are not going to check this because there is no point. We have to have all 3 parts fot it be an equivalence relation.

b.

A = {a, b, c} R={(a, a), (a, c), (b, b), (c, a), (c, c)}

To see if is an equivalence relation you need to see if you have these 3 things:

Part 1: xRx for all x in A. This is the reflexive property.

Do we? Yes we have all these points in R: (a,a),(b,b), and (c,c).

Part 2: If xRy then yRx. This is the symmetric property.

Do we? We have (a,c) and (c,a). We don't need to worry about any other (x,y) since there are no more with x and y being different. This is symmetric.

Part 3: If xRy and yRz then xRz.

Do we? We do have (a,c), (c,a), and (a,a).

We do have (c,a), (a,c), and (c,c).

So it is transitive.

Question b has all 3 parts so it is an equivalence relation.

a

step-by-step explanation:

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step-by-step explanation: