The quantities x and y are proportional. find the constant of proportionality r in the equation y = rx

Aparticular telephone number is used to receive both voice calls and fax messages. suppose that 25% of the incoming calls involve fax messages, and consider a sample of 25 incoming calls. (a) what is the expected number of calls among the 25 that involve a fax message?

Which one is the correct answer, and why?

According to a study conducted in 2015, 18% of shoppers said that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. suppose that in a recent sample of 1500 shoppers, 315 stated that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. at a 5% significance level, can you conclude that the proportion of all shoppers who currently prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products is higher than .18? use both the p-value and the critical-value approaches.