In an article in the journal of management, joseph martocchio studied and estimated the costs of employee absences. based on a sample of 176 blue-collar workers, martocchio estimated that the mean amount of paid time lost during a three-month period was 1.3 days per employee with a standard deviation of 1.4 days. martocchio also estimated that the mean amount of unpaid time lost during a three-month period was 1.1 day per employee with a standard deviation of 1.6 days.

suppose we randomly select a sample of 100 blue-collar workers. based on martocchio