if f(x) = x2, which of the following describes the graph of f(x) - 5?
a.
the graph of a(x) - 5 is a vertical shift of ax) = x five units down.
b.
the graph of rx) - 5 is a horizontal shift of rx) = x five units to the left.
c.
the graph of ax) - 5 is a horizontal shift of rx) = x five units to the right.
d.
the graph of f(x) - 5 is a vertical shift of f(x) = x five units up.