1. The function of lenses is based on the law of refraction. A light beam is traveling from the medium 1 where its speed is V1, to the medium 2 where its speed is V2 = 0.8 V1. a) If the first medium is the air (n1 = 1), what is the index of refraction for the second medium?

The index of refraction for Medium 2 would be 1.25

Step-by-step explanation:

We have the following data:

Speed of light in Medium 1 = V₁

Speed of light in Medium 2 = V₂

The speed of Light in Medium 2 is related to speed of light in Medium 1 as:

V₂ = 0.8 V₁

Moreover, it is given that Medium 1 is air with index of refraction equal to 1. i.e.

n₁ = 1

We need to find the index of refraction for medium 2. Lets name it is as n₂.

Snell's law related the above mentioned 4 quantities by following relation:

The ratio of indices of refraction of 2 mediums is equivalent to the reciprocal of ratio of  phase velocities in those 2 mediums. Mathematically, this can be written as:

Substituting the values we have gives us:

This means, the index of refraction for Medium 2 would be 1.25

p ÷ r = tan(x)

step-by-step explanation:

given that there is a figure below shows a right triangle: a right triangle is shown with hypotenuse equal to q units and the length of the legs equal to p units and r units.

graph is missing so i will create the graph as per given information.

the angle between the legs having lengths p units and q units is y degrees. the angle between the legs having lengths r units and q units is x degrees.

now we need to find about what is p ÷ r equal to.

so we can use trigonometric ratio tan(x)=[altitude]/[base] to find the value of p ÷ r, because p is the altitude and r is the base.

p ÷ r=tan(x)

hence final answer is p ÷ r=tan(x).

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answer: d.) the total number of protons and neutrons is 15

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