What is the excluded value of this?

What is the effect on the graph of the parent function f(x) = x when f(x) is replaced with 3f(x)? a) shifts the line 3 units up b) shifts the line 3 units down c) increases the slope of the line by a factor of 3 d) decreases the slope of the line by a factor of 3

What is the factored form of x2 − 4x − 5? (x + 5)(x − 1) (x + 5)(x + 1) (x − 5)(x − 1) (x − 5)(x + 1)

What situation is an example of an observational study