Which of the following are congruence transformations? check all that apply.
a. rotating
b. stretching
c. shrinking
d. reflecting
e. translating

Given: ae ≅ ce ; de ≅ be prove: abcd is a parallelogram. we have that ab || dc. by a similar argument used to prove that △aeb ≅ △ced, we can show that △ ≅ △ceb by. so, ∠cad ≅ ∠ by cpctc. therefore, ad || bc by the converse of the theorem. since both pair of opposite sides are parallel, quadrilateral abcd is a parallelogram.