Q3. A student plans a method to prepare pure crystals of copper sulfate. The student's method is
1. Add one spatula of calcium carbonate to dilute hydrochloric acid in a beaker.
2. When the fizzing stops, heat the solution with a bunsen burner until all the liquid is gone.
The method contains several errors and does not produce copper sulfate crystals.
5
Explain the improvements the student should make to the method so that pure crystals of
copper sulfate are produced. (6) * S

The reactants in this reaction ought to have been copper carbonate and sulfuric acid.

The student is trying to carry out a reaction that would produce copper sulfate using two starting materials. The process is also expected to involve the evolution if a gas. However the process failed to produce the desired product. The following adjustments should be made to the process;

If these two adjustments are made, the equation of the reaction occurs as follows; CuCO3(s) + H2SO(aq) → CuSO4(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l).

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1) The student didn't add copper sulfate but instead he added calcium carbonate.

2) The heated solution should be left to get bigger crystals and should not be instantly allowed to evaporate.

3) He should use copper carbonate not calcium carbonate.

4) Sulfuric acid was added instead of hydrochloric acid.

5) Add solid excessively so that all of the acid is retained.

6) Filter the solution to remove unreacted solid.

7) Heat gently, so the crystals will start to appear.

"it's not the heat, it's the humidity".   that's a partly valid phrase you may have heard in the summer, but it's actually both.   the heat index, also known as the apparent temperature, is what the temperature feels like to the human body when relative humidity is combined with the air temperature.   this has important considerations for the human body's comfort.   when the body gets too hot, it begins to perspire or sweat to cool itself off.   if the perspiration is not able to evaporate, the body cannot regulate its temperature.   evaporation is a cooling process.   when perspiration is evaporated off the body, it effectively reduces the body's temperature.   when the atmospheric moisture content (i.e. relative humidity) is high, the rate of perspiration from the body decreases.   in other words, the human body feels warmer in humid conditions.   the opposite is true when the relative humidity decreases because the rate of perspiration increases.   the body actually feels cooler in arid conditions.   there is direct relationship between the air temperature and relative humidity and the heat index, meaning as the air temperature and relative humidity increase (decrease), the heat index increases (decreases).

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