A pharmacist needs 16 liters of a 4% saline solution. He has a 1% solution and a 5% solution available. How many liters of the 1% solution and how many liters of the 5% solution should he mix to make the 4% solution?

x = liters of 1% solution

y = liters of 5% solution

x + y = 16

0.01x + 0.05y = 0.04*16 = 0.64

y = 16 - x

0.01x + 0.05(16 - x) = 0.64

0.01x + 0.8 - 0.05x = 0.64

0.16 = 0.04x

x = 4

y = 12

the direct variation says that:

then the equation is of the form is given by:

            where k is the constant variation.

from the given table:

consider any value of x and m(x)=y

x = 2 and m(x)=y = 3

substitute these value in [1]; we have;

divide both sides by 2 we get;

⇒

check:

put x = -1 and m(x) = -1.5

substitute in the equation:

-1.5 = -1.5                   true

therefore, the function m(x) represents a direct variation

graph of this function as shown below:

the formula of a slope:

from a table we have

substitute:

the slope of f(x) is -1.

the graph of funcfion g(x) is a horizontal line. the slope of a horizontal line is equal 0. therefore the slope of g(x) is 0.

-1 < 0