Lindsay is playing a video game. She begins with an initial score of 300 points but loses 180 points throughout the game. She represents her score using the expression below. 300 - 180

Which expression also represents Lindsay’s video game score?

300 – 180

180 + 300

300 + (-180)

300 + (1280)

Aresearch study is studying the effects of a new drug for osteoporosis alzheimer's disease (ad) for women above the age of 65 years. a group of individuals with osteoporosis is randomized into two groups. one group is treated conventionally, and the second group is treated with the new medication. assessments are made at 3, 6, 12, 36, and 48 months. the conventionally treated group is assessed for ad using a serum blood test, and the treatment group is assessed for ad using a pet radiotracer that binds to beta-amyloid plaques. in comparing these 2 trial arms, the authors of the study may encounter which type of bias? a. selection bias on the risk of developing b. measurement bias c. confounding bias d. recall bias e. lead-time bias