1. True or False? If a study utilizes a simple random sampling method, that means each member of the population of interest was equally likely to be selected as a study participant. 2. True or False? Sensitivity and specificity are both forms of conditional probability.

3. True or False? The probability of an individual developing prostate cancer is independent of the sex of the individual.

4. True or False? A clinical trial studying the effects of new antibiotic, which is suspected to be a curative treatment for drug-resistant syphilis, is likely to demonstrate a binomial distribution.

5. True or False? A test used to measure the concentration of inflammatory markers in an individual’s blood is being researched. Assuming the test quantifies the concentration of the inflammatory markers in the blood and there are an infinite number of outcome possibilities, a study would likely demonstrate that the inflammatory markers for the population follow a normal, or non-normal, distribution pattern, depending on the results obtained from the study.