1. Bobby describes two lines to Frank, telling him that beginning at point A, line #1 goes up 3 units and to the right 8 units, while line #2 (also beginning at A) goes down 8 units and to the right 3
units. What can Frank conclude about the two lines?

Researchers are conducting experiments to determine the role of alcohol in the development of depression. after the study is complete, they determine that the relative risk of developing depression is 1.55 with a 95 % ci of 1.2 -1.9. each group is then divided into nonsmokers and smokers. the relative risk for the nonsmokers is 1.12 with a 95% ci of 0.87-1.37. the relative risk for the smokers is 1.7 with a 95 % cl of 1.5-1.9. what type of bias may affect this study? a. procedure bias b. recall bias c. selection bias d. confounding e. lead-time bias