2. What is the rule that relates values from a set of values to a second set of values?
A. Function
C. Relation
B. Theorem
D. None of these

Relation

Step-by-step explanation:

The rule that relates elements of one set to elements of another set is called "Relation". Functions are special types of Relations.

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step-by-step explanation:

d = distance between moon and sun, which in this problem is the hypotenuse of a right triangle.  

the distance y is the side opposite to angle x in the right triangle.   use the definition of the sine function from basic trigonometry.

sin(x) = y/d ⇒

d = y/sin(x)

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step-by-step explanation: