40 is 8% of what number?

Need on this one asap im almost done with this subject

Suppose sat writing scores are normally distributed with a mean of 497 and a standard deviation of 109. a university plans to award scholarships to students whose scores are in the top 2%. what is the minimum score required for the scholarship? round your answer to the nearest whole number, if necessary.

The graph of f(x) = |x| is transformed to g(x) = |x + 11| - 7. on which interval is the function decreasing?