A random sample of 16 observations taken from a population that is normally distributed produced a sample mean of 42.4 and a standard deviation of 8. Find the range for the p-value and the critical and observed values of t for each of the following tests of hypotheses using, a = 0.01 Use the t distribution table to find a range for the p-value.

Round your answers for the values of t to three decimal places.

a. H0: u = 46 versus H1: u < 46
b. H0: u = 46 versus H1 u =/ 46