Why can a problem with extra information be difficult to solve?

In triangle △abc, ∠abc=90°, bh is an altitude. find the missing lengths. ah=4 and hc=1, find bh.

Liz had 140 pens and inna had 100 pens. after inna gave liz some pens, liz had 3 times as many pens as inna. how many pens did inna give liz?

Three people are traveling and need to exchange the currency of their native country for the currency of the country they are visiting. drag each exchange to the category that shows the ratio of currencies in that exchange.