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3. Sarah, who has a mass of 55 kg, is riding in a car at 20 m/s. She sees a cat crossing the street and slams on the brakes! Her seatbelt stops her from flying forward, bringing her to rest in 0.5 seconds. How much force did the seatbelt put on Sarah?
4. A big-league hitter attacks a fastball! The ball has a mass of 0.16 kg. It is pitched at 38 m/s. After the player hits the ball, it is now traveling 44 m/s in the opposite direction. The impact lasted 0.002 seconds. How big of a force did the ballplayer put on that ball?
5. Someone fires a 0.04 kg bullet at a block of wood that has a mass of 0.5 kg. (The block of wood is sitting on a frictionless surface, so it moves freely when the bullet hits it). The wood block is initially at rest. The bullet is traveling 300 m/s when it hits the wood block and sticks inside it. Now the bullet and the wood block move together as one object. How fast are they traveling?
6. Two kids are roller skating. Amy, with a mass of 55 kg, is traveling forward at 3 m/s. Jenny, who has a mass of 40 kg, is traveling in the opposite direction at 5 m/s. They crash into each other and hold onto each other so that they move as one mass. How fast are they traveling?
7. Jake is bowling with an 8 kg bowling ball. He rolls the ball at 7 m/s, and it hits one stationary pin with a mass of 2 kg. The pin goes flying forward at 12 m/s. How fast is the bowling ball now traveling?
8. John has to hit a bottle with a ball to win a prize. He throws a 0.4 kg ball with a velocity of 18 m/s. It hits a 0.2 kg bottle, and the bottle flies forward at 25 m/s. How fast is the ball traveling after hitting the bottle?