Question 4 Write an algebraic expression for the following.
Joe spent three dollars less than twice as much as Fernando did.
Use x for the variable.
Question 5
Ayliah is 7 years more than 1/2 of Deb's age
use x for the variable

Question 4:
2x-3
Because we don’t know how much Fernando has that would be where we fill in the variable giving you 2x then 3 dollars less will give you the -3 therefore 2x-3
Question 5:
1/2x+7
Because we don’t know Deb’s age that would be the variable and we are looking for half of Deb’s age giving you 1/2x then the 7 years more giving you the +7 hence 1/2x+7

Horizontal change or the change of x

If you make it a little more clear i can answer it