Measures of dispersion are used in finance as a proxy for risks. explain​

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Step-by-step explanation:

Measures of dispersion are used to determine the variability of data points of samples ; it measures how much a given data deviates or behaves about the mean value or point. Measures of dispersion or variability include standard deviation and variance.

In finance, data with high degree of vatibalitu are considered as being unstable because this shows a high level of uncertainty about the average confidence of the output for such investment or business. Hence. Highly variable investments are cindisderdd volatile and risky

introduction, methodology, results, discussion

step-by-step explanation:

an observational study is one which consists of actual observation to record data and then analyse the data.

there are a number of factors that should be analyzed before starting an observational study.

the main four factors are:

i) introduction:   this should be analysed to check whether the purpose of the study is correctly established and the data recorded are appropriate for the study

methodology:   the method of collecting the data, such as whether randomly selected, and whether sample size matches with the population to be studied, whether questions asked are easy to answer by common men, etc.

results: then results such as summary of data with comments should be studied thoroughly

discussion:   the last is the discussion, this can be either by management people or persons who are all interested , etc.

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step-by-step explanation: