This is an equation where the variable is raised to the first power and the variable does not occur in the denominator, inside an absolute value symbol, or under a square root symbol. it is a equation.

It is a linear equation. It is an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and (the first power of) a single variable. It  is a polynomial of degree 1. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.