Fred is scuba diving. he stops to look at a fish that is 14.3 meters below the surface. then he swims down 5.8 meters deeper to look at a reef. if he then swims up 3.2 meters, which is the best approximation of fred's position relative to the ocean surface?
12 meters 11 meters -17 meters -23 meters

A50% increase followed by 33 1/2% decrease

Damon makes 20 cups of lemonade by mixing lemon juice and water. the ratio of lemon juice to water is shown in the tape diagram. lemon juice\text{lemon juice} lemon juice water\text{water} water how much lemon juice did damon use in the lemonade? cups

Amachine that produces a special type of transistor (a component of computers) has a 2% defective rate. the production is considered a random process where each transistor is independent of the others. (a) what is the probability that the 10th transistor produced is the first with a defect? (b) what is the probability that the machine produces no defective transistors in a batch of 100? (c) on average, how many transistors would you expect to be produced before the first with a defect? what is the standard deviation? (d) another machine that also produces transistors has a 5% defective rate where each transistor is produced independent of the others. on average how many transistors would you expect to be produced with this machine before the first with a defect? what is the standard deviation? (e) based on your answers to parts (c) and (d), how does increasing the probability of an event a↵ect the mean and standard deviation of the wait time until success?