What does the word range mean in math

According to modern science, earth is about 4.5 billion years old and written human history extends back about 10,000 years. suppose the entire history of earth is represented with a 10-meter-long timeline, with the birth of earth on one end and today at the other end.

What is another way to express 36 +32

Three baby penguins and their father were sitting on an iceberg 0.50.50, point, 5 meters above the surface of the water. the father dove down 4.74.74, point, 7 meters from the iceberg into the water to catch dinner for his kids. what is the father penguin's position relative to the surface of the water?