From previous experience, the owner of an apple orchard knows that the mean weight of Gala apples is 140 grams. There has been more precipitation than usual this year, and the owner believes the weights of the apples will be
heavier than usual. The owner takes a random sample of 30 apples and records their weights. The mean weight of the
sample is 144 grams with a standard deviation of 13.2 grams. A significance test at an alpha level of a =0.05 produces
a P-value of 0.054. What is the correct interpretation of the P-value?
O There is a 5.4% chance that the null hypothesis is incorrect if the true mean weight is 140 grams.
O There is a 5.4% chance that a sample mean of 144 grams or greater will occur by chance if the true mean weight is
140 grams.
O There is a 5.4% probability that a sample mean of 144 grams will occur by chance alone if the true mean weight is
140 grams.
O Assuming the true mean weight of the apples is 140 grams, there is a 94.6% probability that a random sample of
apples will produce a mean weight of 140 grams.