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-4

step-by-step explanation:

we have the parent function given by,

1. the function is translated 5 units to the left.

so, we get,   becomes

2. the function is translated 5 units to the right.

so, we get,   becomes

3. the function is translated 5 units upwards.

so, we get,   becomes

4. the function is translated 5 units downwards.

so, we get,   becomes

5. the function is reflected across x-axis.

so, we get,   becomes

6. the function is reflected across y-axis.

so, we get,   becomes .

step-by-step explanation:

mark brainliest.

$3720

step-by-step explanation:

taxable income = $31000

as per the 2018-2019 us tax bracket, the tax rate is 12% for an individual whose taxable income is between $9,526 to $38,700.

so, the tax to be paid by him = 12% of 31000

= 0.12 * 31000     [12% converted to decimal as 0.12]

= $3720