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$3720

step-by-step explanation:

taxable income = $31000

as per the 2018-2019 us tax bracket, the tax rate is 12% for an individual whose taxable income is between $9,526 to $38,700.

so, the tax to be paid by him = 12% of 31000

= 0.12 * 31000     [12% converted to decimal as 0.12]

= $3720

in 2010, the population of the state of california is 37.29 × 10⁶

step-by-step explanation:

population of los angeles = 3.79 × 10⁶

population of california = 9.84 × population of los angeles

                                        = 9.84 × 3.79 × 10⁶

                                        = 37.2936 × 10⁶

                                        = 37.29 × 10⁶

∴ in 2010, the population of the state of california is 37.29 × 10⁶