An item on sale costs 40% of the original price. The original price was $59 .

$23.6

Step-by-step explanation:

recall that original is always 100%

so here, 100% > $59

                1%  > $(59/100)

          if the costs 40% of the original. find it with:

                 40 * $(59/100) = $23.6 this is the sale price

OR,

easily.

=40% * $59

=40/100 * 59

=$23.6

There are many methods, these two are best to solve.

walter needs to make at least 5 more cookies but no more than 40. 5 ≤ x ≤ 40

step-by-step explanation:

20 ≤ x + 15 ≤ 55

subtract 15 from all parts

20-15 ≤ x + 15-15 ≤ 55-15

5 ≤ x ≤ 40

this means how many more cookies he has to make

walter needs to make at least 5 more cookies, but no more than 40 cookies; 5 ≤ x ≤ 40