in germany, vat is at 19% jeremy buys a calculator in germny for €58.31 this price includes vat find the amount of vat paid by jeremy

We can use this equation to solve this problem:

t=p+(p⋅r)

Where:

t is the total price paid: 58.31 for this problem

p is the price before taxes: What we are solving for in this problem.

r is the tax or VAT rate: 19% for this problem. "Percent" or "%" means "out of 100" or "per 100", Therefore 19% can be written as 19100 or 0.19.

Substituting and solving for p gives:

58.31=p+(p⋅0.19)

58.31=1p+0.19p

58.31=(1+0.19)p

58.31=1.19p

58.311.19=1.19p1.19

49=1.19p1.19

49=p

p=49

Now, we can find how much the VAT was by taking 19% of 49:

19%×49=0.19×49=9.31

Another was to solve this is to subtract the price without the tax or VAT from the total price giving:

58.31−49=9.31