What are the advantages and disadvantages to representing a function as an equation instead of a graph?

See below:

Advantages as an equation: When you have an equation instead of a graph, you can use the equation to find exact values for a function. With a graph, don't always have the exact values. However, with an equation, you can find the exact input or output values.

Disadvantages as an equation: You don't get to see the overall picture or patterns in the function. With a graph, you can easily see the increasing and decreasing intervals of the function.

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