Which of the following is not included in the autonomic reflexes?
a) withdrawal
b) cardiovascular
c) pupillary
d) gastrointestinal

A) withdrawal is not included in the autonomic reflexes.

Explanation:

As autonomic reflex involves the response of glands, cardiac muscles, regulates organs and smooth muscles. So, that is why cardiovascular, pupillary  and  gastrointestinal are autonomic reflexes. Whereas, withdrawal is somatic type as it involves the skeletal muscles and spinal cord. The main difference between both the reflexes is that  target tissues are effectors.

the ileocecal valve (also called bauhin valve), which limits the rate of food passage into the cecum and may prevent material from returning to the small intestine.

answer:

yes

explanation:

if i knew what u looked like