While an infant is in the supine position with both knees flexed, the clinician applies gentle downward pressure to both knees, and the knee and thigh are abducted as an upward and medial pressure is applied to the proximal thigh. this examination technique, used to screen for a reducible dislocation, is called:

The Ortolani Test and the Barlow maneuver.

Explanation:

The Ortolani test is part of the physical examination for developmental dysplasia of the hip, along with the Barlow maneuver. Specifically, the Ortolani test is positive when a posterior dislocation of the hip is reducible with this maneuver. ... The Ortolani test is named after Marino Ortolani, who developed it in 1937

The Ortolani test is performed with the Barlow maneuver and inspection of the hip joint and legs. It relocates the dislocation of the hip joint that has just been elicited by the Barlow maneuver.

The  Barlow maneuver is easily performed by adducting the hip (bringing the thigh towards the midline) while applying pressure on the knee, directing the force posteriorly.

between the two muscle layers is the myenteric or auerbach's plexus, which controls peristalsis. in the colon, the muscularis externa is much thicker because the feces are large and heavy, requiring more force to push along. the stomach has a third layer of muscularis externa: the inner oblique layer.