How did the reform school movement affect today’s youth correctional institution

In regards to acetyl coa in the tca/kreb's cycle: how many cycles minimum would it take for an acetyl coa carbon to be removed? (what is the first step that this removal could happen? why can't we know for sure how many turns it takes?

Aperson has been born with a mutation that results in a deficiency in the production of mhc i by all of their cells. how might this deficiency affect a person immunologically?

What are the factors, processes, and mechanisms involved in antimicrobial resistance?