Of the two samples described in parts a and b, the sample of iron has more mass and feels heavier than the sample of gold. does this mean that the density of iron is greater? explain.

No, it says nothing about their densities. OF COURSE you can have a piece of iron that's heavier than a piece of gold, or a bottle of Carbon-dioxide that's heavier than a bottle of water. Just play with the size of the samples, and you can cook up a box of feathers that's heavier than a box of rocks.

Densities can only be compared when both samples you're comparing have the SAME MASS.

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