Wind can cause ocean currents to flow in a particular pattern according to the diagram which factor creates this type of patterndensity temperaturesalinity coriolis effect

Option (2)

Explanation:

The temperature plays a significant role in circulating the ocean currents from the equatorial to the polar region and again back to the equator. In the equator, then earth receives a maximum amount of sunlight. As a result of this, the water gets heated up and eventually, it rises up, forming a low-pressure zone. This evaporated water is then carried towards a higher latitude and precipitates forming a high-pressure zone. During this process, there forms Hadley cells over this region. Similarly, another two cells forms over the mid-latitude region and the polar region. These two cells are known as the Mid-latitude and the Polar cells respectively.

This is how the water reaches from the equatorial to the polar region. In the polar region, the water becomes heavy and sinks to the bottom of the ocean. This water then moves towards the equator through the bottom of the ocean and subsequently becomes warmer.

This cycle repeats over a definite period of time.  

Thus, the temperature mainly controls this movement of water from the equator to the poles, in association with the wind.

Hence, the most appropriate answer is option (2).

the answer would be c