Identify parts of a telescope?meh!

Arailroad car collides with and sticks to an identical railroad car that is initially at rest. after the collision, the total kinetic energy of the two cars is a) the same as before. b) half as much as before. c) one third as much as before. d) one fourth as much as before. e) twice as much as before.

Imagine an isolated positive point charge q (many times larger than the charge on a single proton). there is a charged particle a (whose charge is much smaller than charge q) at a distance from the point charge q. on which of the following quantities does the magnitude of the electric field created by charge q at particle a's position depend? check all that apply.the type of the charge on the charged particle athe relative orientation between q and a (while the distance between q and a is fixed)the specific location of the charged particle a (while the distance between q and a is fixed)the amount of the charge on the point charge qthe specific location of the point charge q (while the distance between q and a is fixed)the distance between the point charge q and the charged particle athe amount of the charge on the charged particle a

Why do metals "give up" their valence electrons?