Tornadoes form in unusually violent thunderstorms when there is sufficient (1) instability and (2) wind shear present in the lower atmosphere. elaborate on what does instability mean when discussing the formation of a tornado? a) dry air in the middle atmosphere being rapidly cooled by rain b) winds at all levels of the atmosphere are strong and turn with height c) an isolated strong thunderstorm just ahead of a squall line that merges with the squall line d) very warm, humid conditions in the lower atmosphere; cooler than usual conditions in the upper atmosphere

its D

i hope this helps to future test takers. i took the test and had to retake it because their wasn't an answer

D) very warm, humid conditions in the lower atmosphere; cooler than usual conditions in the upper atmosphere

Explanation:

Tornadoes often occur because there is a sudden change in the direction of the air in upper atmosphere layers, creating a horizontal shift, this makes for the air to start swirling horizontally, this is created when a thunderstorm causes changes in the air direction in high altitudes that is translated to tornadoes on earth.

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gas and liquid