What type of thermometer do you use to measure temperature under the soil?

Imagine you are standing in the antarctic during the southern hemisphere summer. the sky is clear and blue. there are no clouds in the sky. your shadow is cast on the icy ground. what is the color of the shadow?

Acaterpillar tries to climb straight up a wall a meter high, but for every 2 cm up it climbs, it slides down 1 cm. eventually, it reaches the top. when it reaches the top, it does not pull itself over so it will slide down 1 cm. what is the total displacement traveled?

Would it be correct to say the doppler effect is the apparent change in the speed of a wave due to the motion of the source? be sure to fully explain your position using at least 3 complete content related sentences.