Calculate the magnitude of the force that the shell exerts on a positive point charge q located a distance r

Ammonia enters the expansion valve of a refrigeration system at a pressure of 10 bar and a temperature of 18oc and exits at 6.0 bar. the refrigerant undergoes a throttling process. determine the temperature, in oc, and the quality of the refrigerant at the exit of the expansion valve.

Which of the following best describes internal energy? a. the difference between the kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a system b. the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a system c. the sum of the kinetic and thermal energies of the particles in a system d. the difference between the kinetic and thermal energies of the particles in a system

What is the answer to these problems 30 pt