If a single-load series circuit has one 20 ohm bulb, and a
second, identical, 20 ohm bulb is added in parallel with
the first, what will be the effect on the brightness of the
bulbs?

At the instant the second bulb is connected ...

... the brightness of the first bulb doesn't change

... the brightness of the second bulb changes from dark (no brightness) to equal to the first bulb

gravitational energy

electrical energy

kinetic energy

ligh energy

both the fifth and fourteenth amendments of the united states contain a due process clause. while the fifth amendment describes a legal obligation of the federal government to not deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law, the fourteenth amendment applies the same obligation to the states to guarantee that all of the states provide fair procedures as well.