Express the gradient of the scalar function in cylindrical coordinates and spherical coordinates

The law of entropy can also be called the law of increasing disorder, but this law seems to contradict the existence of living organisms that are able to organize chemicals into organic molecules. prepare for a class debate on the validity of the following arguments: a. living things are not subject to the laws of thermodynamics. b. the increase in the universe's entropy due to life processes is greater than the decrease in entropy within a living organism.