Draw vectors representing the forces acting on the small sphere and the acceleration of the sphere when the pendulum rod is vertical. draw the vectors starting at the sphere. the location and orientation of the vectors will be graded.

Explanation:

When the pendulum rod is vertical, let t be the tension in the rod, m be the mass of small sphere and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

The force of tension T be acts on the sphere which is in upward direction and the weight of the small sphere is acting vertically downwards.

As the small sphere is in equilibrium condition, the tension in the rod is balanced by the weight of the small sphere.

T = mg

Tension acting upwards and mg acts vertically downwards as acceleration due to gravity acts vertically downwards.

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