Calculate the net charge on a substance consisting of a combination of 1.3 × 10^13 protons and 4.4x 10^13 electrons. the elemental charge is 1.6 × 10^-19 c. answer in units of c

The charge transferred equals

Explanation:

The charge quantizatrion principle states that the charge is always transferred in terms of product of fundamental charges.

Mathematically

where

'e' is the fundamental magnitude of charge

Thus charge transferred by electrons equals

Similarly charge transferred by protons equals

Thus the net charge transferred equals

the answer is the first electromagnet (a). this is because it has more coils around the ferromagnetic material. increasing the number of coils increases the surface area in which the metal interacts with the current in the coil. this enables more atoms in the metal to become aligned hence becoming more magnetized.